Catherine Gordon

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Catherine Gordon, a full professor at Providence College in Providence, RI, earned a Master's Degree in Harpsichord Performance from Indiana University and a Ph.D. Lady Catherine Gordon's Timeline. Birth of Katherine Agnew. Lochnaw, Scotland. Birth of Sir Andrew Agnew of Lochnar, 5th Sheriff. Birth of Margaret Agnew. Auchincairn, Kirkcudbrightshire, Scotland. Birth of Lady Catherine Gordon.

Lady Catherine Gordon (c. 1474–October 1537) was a Scottish noblewoman and the wife of Yorkist pretender Perkin Warbeck, who claimed he was Richard of Shrewsbury, Duke of York. After her imprisonment by King Henry VII of England, she became a favoured lady-in-waiting of his wife, Elizabeth of York. She had a total of four husbands, but there are no records she had any surviving children.

Family[edit]

Lady Catherine was born in Scotland, the daughter of George Gordon, 2nd Earl of Huntly, by his third wife, Lady Elizabeth Hay.^[1] Some 19th-century writers had assumed she was a daughter of King James I's daughter Annabella, who had been the Earl of Huntly's first wife.^[a][2]

Perkin Warbeck[edit]

Lady Catherine was born in Scotland, the daughter of George Gordon, 2nd Earl of Huntly, by his third wife, Lady Elizabeth Hay.^[1] Some 19th-century writers had assumed she was a daughter of King James I's daughter Annabella, who had been the Earl of Huntly's first wife.^[a][2]

Perkin Warbeck[edit]

Before 4 March 1497, Lady Catherine was given in marriage to the pretender Perkin Warbeck, who was favoured by King James IV of Scotland for political reasons, and who had apparently been courting her since 1495, as a love letter^[b] from him to the very beautiful^[c] Lady Catherine has been preserved in the Spanish State Letters, vol, i, p. 78.^[3] James IV gave Perkin Warbeck a 'spousing goune' of white damask for the wedding at Edinburgh, and the celebrations included a tournament. Warbeck wore armour covered with purple brocade.^[4]

Lady Catherine, now called the Duchess of York, sailed from Ayr with Perkin with Guy Foulcart in the Cuckoo dressed in a new tanny coloured 'sea gown'.^[5] She was taken prisoner at St. Michael's Mount after King Henry's forces captured Warbeck's Cornish army at Exeter in 1497.^[6] On 15 October 1497 there is record of a payment of £7 13s. 4d. to Robert Southwell for horses, saddles and other necessities for the transportation of 'my Lady Kateryn Huntleye.'^[6] Her husband was hanged at Tyburn on 23 November 1499.^[7] Lady Catherine was kept a virtual prisoner by King Henry who placed her in the household of his wife, Elizabeth of York, where she became a favourite lady-in-waiting.^[8]

Henry VII paid some of her expenses from his privy purse and gave her gifts of clothing. In the privy purse accounts her name was recorded as 'Lady Kateryn Huntleye'.^[9][10] These included, in November 1501, clothes of cloth-of-gold furred with ermine, a purple velvet gown, and a black hood in the French style; in April 1502, black and crimson velvet for gown and black kersey for stockings; and in November 1502, black satin, and other black cloth, to be trimmed with mink (from her own stock) and miniver, with a crimson bonnet.^[11] On 25 January 1503 Catherine attended the ceremony of marriage between James IV and Margaret Tudor at Richmond Palace. James was represented by the Earl of Bothwell as his proxy.^[12]

Windows 10 pro photo editor. In February 1503, Lady Catherine was a Mourner at the funeral of Queen Consort Elizabeth, arriving in a 'chair', a carriage, with the Lady Fitzwalter and Lady Mountjoy. The train of her dress was carried by the Queen's mother-in-law, the Countess of Derby. Lady Catherine made the offerings at the masses and with 37 other ladies placed a 'pall', an embroidered cloth, on the coffin at Westminster Abbey.^[13]

In 1510, Lady Catherine obtained letters of denization and that same year, on 8 August, was given a grant of the manors of Philberts at Bray, and Eaton at Appleton, both then in Berkshire.^[14] Two years later she acquired along with her husband the manor of 'Fiffhede', Fyfield, and upon surrender of patent of 8 August the three manors were all re-granted to Lady Catherine Gordon with the proviso she could not leave England, for Scotland or other foreign lands, without license.^[14]

Subsequent marriages[edit]

Before 13 February 1512, she married James Strangeways of Fyfield, a gentleman usher of the King's Chamber.^[1] The couple endowed a chantry priest to sing for the souls of their parents at St Mary Overie at Southwark in London,^[15] where James Strangeways, James's father was buried. In 1517, she married her third husband, Matthew Craddock of Swansea, Steward of Gower and Seneschal of Kenfig, who died c. July 1531.^[1] Matthew Craddock's will notes the jewels and silver that Lady Catherine owned before they were married. These included a girdle with a pomander, a heart of gold, a fleur-de-lis of diamonds, and a gold cross with nine diamonds. He bequeathed her an income from the lands of Dinas Powys and Llanedeyrn near Cardiff.^[16]

Lady Katherine Huntley

Her fourth and last husband was Christopher Ashton of Fyfield also then in Berkshire.^[17] She is not recorded as having any surviving children; however, she had two stepchildren by Ashton's previous marriage.

According to biographer David Loades, Lady Catherine was head of Mary Tudor's Privy Chamber until 1530.

When not at Court, Catherine resided at Fyfield Manor,^[10] except during her marriage to Craddock when she gained permission to live in Wales.^[18] Catherine made her will on 12 October 1537, and died soon after.^[19] She was buried in the church of St Nicholas at Fyfield, with a monument, including brass figures (now lost).^[10] Matthew Craddock had previously erected a chest monument for himself and 'Mi Ladi Katerin' with their effigies in St Mary's Church, Swansea. The carved heraldry included emblems of the Gordon and Hay family. Both Catherine's mother and paternal grandmother were members of the Hay family.^[20]

Ancestry[edit]

Notes[edit]

1. ^Her mother was apparently not Annabella as some accounts have stated, the Earl of Huntly divorced Annabella in 1471. Catherine's effigy in Swansea church has the Gordon and Hay (not Stewart) arms impaled with those of Craddock indicating she was a daughter of Elizabeth Hay, probably her eldest. Catherine was given in marriage by King James IV as his cousin, which she would be either as a daughter of Annabella Stewart by consanguinity or as a daughter of Elizabeth Hay through affinity. So being called a cousin of the Scottish king did not require she necessarily be Annabella's daughter. J. E. Cussans, 'Notes on the Perkin Warbeck Insurrection', in, Transactions of the Royal Historical Society, vol. 1 (1872), p. 63: The Scots Peerage, Founded on Wood's Edition of Sir Robert Douglas's Peerage of Scotland, ed. James Balfour Paul, Vol. IV Edinburgh: David Douglas, (1907), pp. 530-1: Records of Aboyne (1894), 411
2. ^The preserved letter to Lady Catherine is also an example of the style of this early period:—

   Most noble lady, it is not without reason that all turn their eyes to you; that all admire love and obey you. For they see your two-fold virtues by which you are so much distinguished above all other mortals. Whilst on the one hand, they admire your riches and immutable prosperity, which secure to you the nobility of your lineage and the loftiness of your rank, they are, on the other hand, struck by your rather divine than human beauty, and believe that you are not born in our days but descended from Heaven.
   All look at your face so bright and serene that it gives splendour to the cloudy sky; all look at your eyes so brilliant as stars which make all pain to be forgotten, and turn despair into delight; all look at your neck which outshines pearls; all look at your fine forehead. Your purple light of youth, your fair hair; in one word at the splendid perfection of your person:—and looking at they cannot choose but admire you; admiring they cannot choose but to love you; loving they cannot choose but to obey you.
   I shall, perhaps, be the happiest of all your admirers, and the happiest man on earth, since I have reason to hope you will think me worthy of your love. If I represent to my mind all your perfections, I am not only compelled to love, to adore and to worship you, but love makes me your slave. Whether I was waking or sleeping I cannot find rest or happiness except in your affection. All my hopes rest in you, and in you alone.
   Most noble lady, my soul, look mercifully down upon me, your slave; who has ever been devoted to you from the first hour he saw you. Love is not an earthly thing, it is heaven born. Do not think it below yourself to obey love's dictates. Not only kings, but also gods and goddesses have bent their necks beneath its yoke.
   I beseech you most noble lady to accept for ever one who in all things will cheerfully do your will as long as his days shall last. Farewell, my soul and consolation. You, the brightest ornament in Scotland, farewell, farewell.

   See: Records of Aboyne (1894), 409-10.
3. ^The lady was reported to be 'singularly beautiful' and that Henry VII 'much marveled at her beauty and amiable countenance, and sent her to London to the Queen'. Records of Aboyne (1894), 409-10 & 410 n. *.

References[edit]

1. ^ ^abcThe Scots Peerage, Founded on Wood's Edition of Sir Robert Douglas's Peerage of Scotland, ed. James Balfour Paul, Vol. IV (Edinburgh: David Douglas, 1907), pp. 530-1
2. ^David Dunlop, 'The 'Masked Comedian': Perkin Warbeck's Adventures in Scotland and England from 1495 to 1497', The Scottish Historical Review, Vol. 70, No. 190 (Oct., 1991). p. 100, n. 2
3. ^The records of Aboyne MCCXXX-MDCLXXXI, ed. Charles Gordon Huntly (Aberdeen: The New Spalding Club, 1894), pp. 409-10
4. ^Norman MacDougall, James IV (Tuckwell: East Linton, 1997), pp. 122-123; Thomas Dickson, Accounts of the Treasurer of Scotland: 1473-1498 (Edinburgh, 1877), pp. 257, 262-4.
5. ^Thomas Dickson, Accounts of the Treasurer, vol. 1 (Edinburgh, 1877), pp. cliii, 342-5.
6. ^ ^abThe records of Aboyne MCCXXX-MDCLXXXI, ed. Charles Gordon Huntly (Aberdeen: The New Spalding Club, 1894), p. 410
7. ^Rosemary O'Day, The Routledge Companion to the Tudor Age (New York; Oxford: Routledge, 2010), p. 1590.
8. ^John A. Wagner, Encyclopedia of the Wars of the Roses (Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, 2001), p. 291
9. ^Samuel Bentley, Excerpta Historica or Illustrations of English History (London, 1833), p. 115.
10. ^ ^abcLee, Sidney, ed. (1899). 'Warbeck, Perkin' . Dictionary of National Biography. 59. London: Smith, Elder & Co.
11. ^Joseph Bain, Calendar of Documents relating to Scotland, 1357-1509, vol. 4 (Edinburgh, 1888), nos. 1677, 1685, 1688, (and in Latin, pp. 419-421, no. 36)
12. ^Thomas Hearne, John Leland, De Rebus Britannicis Collectanea, John Leland, vol. 4 (London, 1774), p. 260.
13. ^Francis Grose, Antiquarian Repertory, Vol. 4 (London: 1784), pp. 245, 248, 249
14. ^ ^abThe records of Aboyne MCCXXX-MDCLXXXI, ed. Charles Gordon Huntly (Aberdeen: The New Spalding Club, 1894), p. 401
15. ^John Montgomery Traherne, Historical Notices of Matthew Craddock of Swansea (London, William Rees; Longman and Co.; Cardiff, W. Bird; and Swansea, J. Williams, 1840), p. 25
16. ^John Montgomery Traherne, Historical Notices of Matthew Craddock of Swansea (London, William Rees; Longman and Co.; Cardiff, W. Bird; and Swansea, J. Williams, 1840), pp. 6, 8, 16-17
17. ^The records of Aboyne MCCXXX-MDCLXXXI, ed. Charles Gordon Huntly (Aberdeen: The New Spalding Club, 1894), p. 413
18. ^J. S. Brewer, Letters and Papers Henry VIII, 2:2 (London, 1864), p. 1116 no. 3512.
19. ^John Montgomery Traherne, Historical Notices of Matthew Craddock of Swansea (London, William Rees; Longman and Co.; Cardiff, W. Bird; and Swansea, J. Williams, 1840), pp. 24-25
20. ^Picture of the Craddock tomb, 1941, WW2 Today: John Montgomery Traherne, Historical Notices of Matthew Craddock of Swansea (London, William Rees; Longman and Co.; Cardiff, W. Bird; and Swansea, J. Williams, 1840), pp. 9-12

Catherine GORDON

Catherine Gordon And King Henry

Born: ABT 1465

Died: Oct 1537, Fyfield, Berkshire

Father: George GORDON (2º E. Huntly)

Mother: Annabella STUART (dau. of King James I of Scotland and Joan Beaufort)

Married 1: Perkin WARBECK (See his Biography)

Catherine Gordon Np

Married 2: James STRANGEWAYS

Married 3: Matthew CRADDOCK (Sir Knight) (d. 1531)

Married 4: Christopher ASHTON (b. 1493 - d. AFT 1557)

Lady Catherine was the daughter of George Gordon, the 2nd Earl of Huntly and his wife, Princess Annabella the daughter of King James I of Scotland and Joan Beaufort. Huntley divorced Annabella in 1471. Many accounts claim that she was the daughter of Huntley's third wife, Elizabeth Hay.

Safe at the Scottish Court in her youth, she probably only heard gossip and rumour concerning the war fought over the English throne and its new King, Henry VII. In Jul 1495, however, the supposed 'Duke of York' - Richard, the second son of King Edward IV of England who was generally thought to be dead - arrived in Scotland, from across the Irish Sea, in search of support for his cause: the taking of his rightful place upon the Throne of England. He was received by King James IV with full honours at Stirling Castle and, to cement their alliance, the monarch gave the Lady Catherine, his own cousin, in marriage to the Royal claimant in the Nov following.

Measures were soon planned for Catherine's new husband to invade England and the 'Duke' wrote to his ally, the Earl of Desmond in Ireland, to send forces to aid him in Scotland. In Sep 1496, an Ambassador of the French King offered King James a hundred thousand crowns to send the 'Duke' to France. That same month, after much preparation, James made a raid into Northumberland on his ally's account, but returned in three days. For, though the Royal claimant had issued a proclamation as King, no Englishmen joined him. The Scots were not to be withheld from practising the barbarities of border warfare and the 'Duke', it is said, only excited ridicule by entreating James to spare those whom he called his subjects.

The Royal claimant remained in Scotland until Jul 1497, when he and Catherine embarked, apparently with more than one child from their union, from Ayr, in a Breton merchant vessel whose captain was under engagement to land them in England for some new attempt to seize the English Crown. The renowned seamen, Andrew and Robert Barton, also accompanied them in their own vessels. The rebels in Cornwall had invited the 'Royal' couple to land in those parts; but they first visited Cork, on 26 Jul, and remained in Ireland more than a month. This time, however, Catherine's husband failed to rally any support in the Emerald Isle, either from Kildare or Desmond, the former being now Lord-Deputy. The loyal citizens of Waterford not only wrote to inform the King of England of the claimant's designs, but fitted out vessels, at their own cost, which nearly captured him at sea during his crossing to Cornwall. The 'Duke' and a small company made the crossing in three ships and the one in which he himself sailed, a Biscayan, was actually boarded. The commander of the boarding party showed the King's letters offering two thousand nobles for his surrender, which was only right, he said, considering the alliance between England and Spain. But the captain denied all knowledge of his being on board, though he was actually hidden in a cask, and the ship was allowed to proceed on its voyage.

The 'Duke' landed at Whitesand Bay in Cornwall, proclaimed himself King Richard IV of England, as he had done in Northumberland, and installed his wife within the safety of the castle on St. Michael's Mount. At Bodmin, he found himself at the head of a body reckoned at three thousand men, which more than doubled as he went on. He laid siege to Exeter but, on the approach of the Earl of Devon and other gentlemen of the county, withdrew to Taunton. Learning that Lord Daubeney was at Glastonbury in full march against him, he stole away from Taunton at midnight (on 21 Sep) with sixty horsemen, whom apparently he soon left behind, and rode on himself with three companions to Beaulieu Abbey in Hampshire, where they took sanctuary. Two companies of horse presently surrounded the place, and the Royal claimant and his two friends surrendered to the King's mercy.

The rebel was brought back to Taunton, where the King himself had now arrived, on 5 Oct, and, having been promised his life, the so-called Duke made a full confession of his imposture. He turned out to be a Belgian named Perkin Warbeck, the son of the Controller of Tournai, who had been persuaded by the troublesome Irish to impersonate Prince Richard of York, after he had been mistaken for him whilst on a visit to Dublin. The pretender's followers had, by now, everywhere submitted; and King Henry travelled to Exeter, despatching horsemen to St. Michael's Mount to bring Lady Catherine to him. After seeing her, and making her husband confess his imposture once more in her presence, Henry sent her, with an escort, to his Queen, assuring her of his desire to treat her like a sister. Perkin was taken straight to London where he became the object of ridicule. At first, he was placed in the Tower, but was later allowed to hang around the Royal Court, until his double attempt at escape led to his execution on 23 Nov 1499.

Deeply humiliated, Warbeck's widow had reason to feel grateful for the King's kindness. She resumed her maiden name of Gordon and was treated at court according to her birth. She not only received a pension, but her wardrobe expenses were settled by the King, and other occasional payments were sometimes made to her too. In Jan 1503, she was among the company assembled at Richmond Palace to witness the betrothal of the King's daughter, Princess Margaret, to King James IV of Scotland. Seven years later, Henry VIII of England granted, to Lady Catherine, a number of lands centred on Fyfield in North Berkshire, which had belonged to the attainted Earl of Lincoln; but only on condition that she should not go out of England, either to Scotland or elsewhere, without Royal license.

The lady seems to have remained unmarried for about eleven years, and then entered into a union with James Strangeways, Gentleman Usher of the King's Chamber; obtaining a new grant of her Berkshire estates for herself and her husband in survivorship. The two seem to have settled at Fyfield Manor but, on 28 Jun 1517 - Strangeways being then dead - she acquired a further grant of Lincoln's lands in Berkshire on the same condition as before. A month later, she became the wife of Matthew Craddock Kohls admin house gear codes. and obtained leave to dwell, with her husband, in Wales. He was a gentleman of Glamorganshire, afterwards knighted, who had fitted out, and furnished with men, a vessel for the French War of 1513. He died in 1531.

Catherine Gordon was head of Mary Tudor's privy chamber until around 1530.

She again married, to Christopher Ashton or Assheton, another Gentleman Usher of the Chamber, with whom she lived at Fyfield once more. She died in 1537 and, though a very fine effigial monument had been built for herself and her third husband in Swansea Church, she is buried in the chancel of the parish church of Fyfield, in a tomb still referred to as 'Lady Gordon's monument'. Lady Catherine was survived by her last husband.

Catherine Gordon 1497

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